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What do the four BS5837 tree categories mean?

23 July 2026

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By Ross Webster

A BS5837 tree survey sorts every tree on your site into one of four categories. The categories describe tree quality and retention value; they do not decide which trees must be removed.

Category U: Unsuitable for retention
Trees assessed as unsuitable for retention because of their condition and limited remaining contribution. Category U is a condition and retention classification, not a felling permission. Any proposed work still depends on the approved scheme, applicable consent and the work specification.
Category A: High quality and value
High quality and high value trees, normally given priority for retention and protection. The agreed layout and protection measures determine what happens on the site.
Category B: Moderate quality and value
Moderate quality and value trees that may be retained where practicable. The project team considers them alongside the layout, constraints and other evidence.
Category C: Low quality and value
Lower quality and value trees. They may be retained, pruned or proposed for removal, depending on the scheme and the work specification.

A tree survey for planning informs the design. Categories assess the trees, not whether they fit a proposed building footprint. The project team then considers retention, protection and any proposed work alongside planning requirements.

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